Water absorption of boron-treated and heat-modified wood

Heat treatments change the chemical and physical properties of wood and dimensional stability and hygroscopicity are affected as a result of modifications of wood cell components. This study evaluated the water absorption of wood specimens treated with boron compounds followed by heat treatment. Sugi (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) sapwood specimens treated with either boric acid (BA) or disodium octoborate tetrahydrate (DOT) solutions were heat-modified at either 180° or 220°C for 2 or 4 h. Carbohydrate composition and water absorption of the specimens were then measured and compared with those of untreated and unheated specimens. Wood carbohydrates were significantly degraded in the specimens after heat treatment. The heat treatment evidently decreased the water absorption and the heat-modified specimens absorbed less water than unheated specimens. The higher the treatment temperature and the longer the treatment time, the lower the amount of absorbed water. The boron-treated and heat-modified specimens, however, showed increased water absorption due to the hygroscopic properties of BA and DOT.     

马尾松针叶萜类组成及化学分类的研究

研究了安徽电溪戏剧性以种源试验林场不同种源的戏剧性以及南京等地工的马尾松共１２０余株针叶中的萜类化学组成。结果表明在挥发油中主要含有α－蒎烯、莰烯、β－蒎烯、乙酸芳樟酯等８个单萜类成分和β－石竹烯等１１个倍半萜成分。在酸性部分主含４种脂肪酸和１３种二萜酸。根据其二萜酸组成将戏剧性以分成７个化学类型，它们分别是１９－甲基贝壳极酸型，泪极醚酸型、１复瓦杉酸型、湿地松酸型、泪杉醚酸＋１９－甲基贝壳极酸型     

粉煤灰在江苏省公路施工中的应用

本文分析了粉煤灰的化学组成、颗粒组成 ,介绍了粉煤灰在江苏省的应用情况 ,并对粉煤灰的应用进行了综合评价。     

冀北山地华北落叶松人工林对降水截留效应的初步研究

在冀北山地华北落叶松集中分布的地区,利用对降水在林分中的样地进行定位观测的方法,研究了该地区主要造林树种华北落叶松对降水的截留效应。据2002-2005年的连续观测,结果表明:华北落叶松林冠平均截留率为23.6%,树干茎流率占大气降水量的3.7%,枯枝落叶层的截留率为10.2%。说明华北落叶松在冀北山地发挥了巨大的水文生态作用。     

化学药剂防治杉木种子园球果病害的室内药效试验

应用 10种化学药剂防治杉木种子园的 2种主要球果病害的室内药效试验结果表明 :内吸杀菌剂多菌灵、甲基硫菌灵对病原菌的菌丝生长、孢子萌发有强毒杀抑制作用     

江西林化工业的可持续发展

进入新世纪后,面对资源稀缺与产业危困,江西林化工业由资源型经济转向开放型经济,由传统粗放型工业转向现代集约型工业,加快推进其做大做强关系到林化工业发展的未来。在分析江西省目前林化工业现状和问题后,就其今后的发展进行了探讨。     

简介砼管护壁法进行钻孔灌注桩断桩的接桩方法

本文结合工程实践提出了一种利用砼管护壁进行断桩的接桩方法。实践证明了此方法的经济性、实用性、可靠性。     

广州南香山水库森林水文季节变化研究

为了提高森林水文研究过程中数据采集的精确性,应用现代测绘技术,包括水准测量、全站仪三维坐标测量、GNSS 卫星测量及测深仪的水深测量等,研究了广州南香山水库的库容变化规律,反演水库上游森林径流。研究结果表明：南香山一年内的降雨量分布出现类似双波浪形的变化,波峰出现在5月份和8月份,波谷出现在1月和10月;降雨量与库容增量存在线性关系,相关系数为0.9152;地表径流的大小主要与植被类型,土壤水分的饱和度及地形有密切关系。相比传统的测量方法,现代测绘技术更精确地反映了广州南香山地区森林水文的变化规律。     

Chemical structures of the condensed tannins in the fruits of Diospyros species

The structural variety of the condensed tannins (proanthocyanidins) in the fruits of 16Diospyros species are reported. Eleven species contained condensed tannins mostly consisting of a mixture of catechin (CA) and gallocatechin (GCA) repeating units; the other five species did not. The GCA content in the CA-GCA total varied from 0.3% to 84.6%. The number of esterified gallic acid per one flavan repeating unit (degree of galloylation, DG) ranged from 0.01 to 0.89. The GCA content was found to be proportional to the DG values. Thus, 16Diospyros species tested may be classified into five groups by the analytical data of their condensed tannins. It may be interesting to compare their structural characteristics with those of the condensed tannins in other fruits, leaves, woods, and barks from the viewpoint of their biosynthesis and function in the plants.Part of this paper was presented at the 46th Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Tokyo, April 1995     

中国生漆漆液研究

对生漆三个自然层次漆液的化学成分，显微构造和干燥性能进行分析观察，结果表明，各层漆液中生漆成分含量差异很大，漆酚及四种基本组分（Ｉ～Ⅳ）的含量自上而下明显递增，丙酮粉末，漆酶含量与活性，水分，树胶质和灰分含量自上而下呈递增趋势；生漆成膜的干燥速度以下层最快，镜检观察表明，生漆是一种油包水（Ｗ／Ｏ）型乳状液，本文还提出了分层利用的初步设想。